What documents do you need when buying a property?

Buying a property is not only about choosing your dream home — it also requires serious legal and administrative groundwork. Many people only realise how many documents have to be obtained when the signing of the sale contract is already approaching. This article helps you know in advance which papers to ask for and what they actually mean — whether you are buying in an apartment building or a new-build property.

General documents required for every property

1. Title deed (tulajdoni lap)

This is one of the most important documents. The title deed contains:

• the exact address and land registry number of the property,
• the name of the owner or owners,
• any encumbrances (a mortgage or enforcement proceedings, for example),
• the legal status of the property.

Why it matters: it proves that the seller really is entitled to sell the property and that there is no encumbrance standing in the way of the sale.

2. Floor plan

The floor plan is a drawing showing the internal layout of the property: the position of walls, rooms, windows and doors.

Why it matters: it lets you check whether the actual layout matches the official documents, and how large the usable floor area is.

3. Energy performance certificate

This document shows the energy efficiency of the property, on a scale running from “AA++” (outstanding) to “JJ” (very poor).

Why it matters: the seller is obliged to provide it at the point of sale. As a buyer it tells you how economical the property is — which can have a significant cost impact over the long term.

Additional documents when buying a flat in an apartment building

Deed of foundation of the condominium

This document sets out the rules governing the condominium, defines which parts are in common ownership (stairwell, lift, courtyard and so on) and states the ownership shares attached to each flat.

Why it matters: it determines, for example, whether there is a storage unit for your exclusive use, or who a particular part of the garden belongs to.

For a new-build property you also need these

Technical documentation (technical specification)

This sets out in detail the technologies, materials and fittings used to build the property (heating system, windows and doors, floor and wall finishes, insulation and so on).

Why it matters: it tells you exactly what you are getting for your money — and what you are not. Don’t just look at the floor plan; look at the technical specification too.

Occupancy permit

This permit certifies that the building is complete, complies with the regulations and is habitable.

Why it matters: only buy a property that has this permit. Without it you cannot officially move in, and obtaining a mortgage can also be problematic.

Whatever kind of property you are buying, never enter into a contract without the proper documents. The table below will help you make sure nothing is missed: